Related Papers
Research Policy
The relational antecedents of project-entrepreneurship: Network centrality, team composition and project performance
2009 •
Gino Cattani
All In The Family: Three Studies on Kinship, Networks and Career Outcomes
2018 •
Yasaman Gorji
The first essay studies the impact of kinship by distinguishing between two forms of nepotism on the career outcome of the show business families’ descendants. We show that within more modern industries which are characterized by the boundaryless career environment, direct nepotism is not as efficient as indirect nepotism. We hypothesize that indirect forms of nepotism are evident in the form of network sponsorship by third-party associates of prominent show business families in the Hollywood movie industry. This study predicts that sponsorship will have significant beneficial effects on show business family relatives' career performance and that the effect is accentuated for women in show business families. We find strong support for our sponsorship hypotheses, but we also note the continuing importance of direct forms of family preferment in an industry characterized by single-project organizations and boundaryless careers. The second essay studies the extended definition of k...
Cultural Industries: Product–Market Characteristics, Management Challenges and Industry Dynamics
莎莎 贾
The performance effects of uniplex, multiplex and diverse social ties: A study of Bollywood film production
Mark Lorenzen, Kristina Vaarst Andersen
In development projects, diverse social ties (multiple affiliations to multiple agents) may moderate the effects of uniplex ties (single affiliations to single agents) and multiplex ties (multiple affiliations to single agents). Extant research on social capital has paid scant attention to these conditional effects of social ties. The paper contributes with new knowledge by investigating the performance effects of uniplex, multiplex, and diverse ties in Bollywood film production projects. In a mixed-method study, we demonstrate that diverse ...
Lutter, Mark (2013): Is There a Closure Penalty? Cohesive Network Structures, Diversity, and Gender Inequalities in Career Advancement. MPIfG Discussion Paper 13/9
Mark Lutter
That social capital matters is an established fact in the social sciences. How different forms of social capital affect gender disadvantages in career advancement is less clear, however. Qualitative research suggests that women face disadvantages in project-based labor markets where recruitment practices are based on informal and personal networks. Focusing on a project-based type of labor market, namely the U.S. film industry, this study argues that women suffer from social closure and face severe career disadvantages when collaborating in cohesive teams. At the same time, gender disadvantages are reduced for women who build social capital in open networks with a higher degree of diversity and information flow. I test and demonstrate these assumptions using a large-scale longitudinal dataset containing full career profiles of more than 1.2 million performances by 101,090 film actors in 483,949 feature film productions between the years 1900−2010. In particular, I analyze career survival models and interaction effects between gender and different measures of social capital and information openness. The findings reveal that female actors have a higher risk of career failure than their male colleagues when affiliated in cohesive networks, but have better survival chances when embedded in open and diverse structures. This study contributes to the understanding of how and what type of social capital can be either a beneficial resource for otherwise disadvantaged groups or a constraining mechanism that intensifies gender differences in career advancement.
Lutter, Mark (2015): Do Women Suffer from Network Closure? The Moderating Effect of Social Capital on Gender Inequality in a Project-based Labor Market, 1929 to 2010. American Sociological Review 80(2):329-358.
Mark Lutter
That social capital matters is an established fact in the social sciences. Less clear, however, is how different forms of social capital affect gender disadvantages in career advancement. Focusing on a project-based type of labor market, namely the U.S. film industry, this study argues that women suffer a “closure penalty” and face severe career disadvantages when collaborating in cohesive teams. At the same time, gender disadvantages are reduced for women who build social capital in open networks with higher degrees of diversity and information flow. Using large-scale longitudinal data on career profiles of about one million performances by 97,657 film actors in 369,099 films productions between the years 1929 and 2010, I analyze career survival models and interaction effects between gender and different measures of social capital and information openness. Findings reveal that female actors have a higher risk of career failure than do their male colleagues when affiliated in cohesive networks, but women have better survival chances when embedded in open, diverse structures. This study contributes to the understanding of how and what type of social capital can be either a beneficial resource for otherwise disadvantaged groups or a constraining mechanism that intensifies gender differences in career advancement.
Innovation, Industrial Dynamics and Structural Transformation
Fitness determinants in creative industries: A longitudinal study on the Hollywood film-making industry, 1992–2003
2007 •
Charles Baden-fuller, Gino Cattani
International Journal of Research in Marketing
The role of network embeddedness in film success
2016 •
Natasha Zhang Foutz
Organization Studies
Investments in Nascent Project-Based Enterprises: The interplay between role-congruent reputations and institutional endorsem*nt
2021 •
Joris Ebbers
We study nascent project-based enterprises (PBEs) through the lens of upper echelons and institutional theory. We analyse the interplay between the different role-congruent reputations of their project entrepreneurs and the institutional endorsem*nt of their project idea, theorizing how these affect PBEs’ ability to attract private investments. In the context of the Italian film industry, we find that the commercial reputation of the project entrepreneur in the producer role is crucial for attracting investors, while the artistic reputation of the project entrepreneur in the creative director role is crucial for attaining institutional endorsem*nt of the project idea. Finally, we find that the effect of the commercial reputation of the project entrepreneur in the producer role on attracting investments is mediated by the institutional endorsem*nt. We contribute to the literature on PBEs by demonstrating how specific combinations of project entrepreneurs’ roles and (role-congruent) r...
Research in the Sociology of Organizations
Building Adaptive Capacity in Project Network Organizations: Project Contexts, Network Ties and Relational Practices
2019 •
Stephan Manning
This chapter examines key drivers of variation in adaptive capacity of project network organizations (PNOs). PNOs are defined as strategically coordinated sets of longer-term, yet project-based relationships, which provide for both stability and change in volatile project businesses. While prior research has emphasized the adaptive role of flexible structures and agency, I focus on the role of project variety and contextual embedding and disembedding in building adaptive capacity. Comparing two PNOs in TV movie production, I argue that differences in adaptive capacity are a function of inter-context connectivity, i.e. the level of task and team linkages among diverse project contexts, and the degree to which network ties and relational practices have 'dual quality' in being valuable both within and beyond specific project contexts. Findings have important implications for project, network and organization research.
